摘  要：光子晶体是一种周期性电介质材料，具有光子带隙和光子局域等一系列优异的光学特性，是信息功能材料研究的前沿领域，具有广阔的应用前景。

　　　本文将单分散聚苯乙烯微球水剂稀释后超声分散，采用重力沉积、垂直沉积法自组装得到聚苯乙烯光子晶体。

　　　采用垂直沉积法将粒径均一的聚苯乙烯微球自组装成晶体薄膜，并用扫描电子显微镜和紫外一可见分光光度计对其微观结构和光学特性进行了表征，结果表明微球有序排列，晶体薄膜表面存点、线缺陷。自组装得到的光子晶体薄膜存在明显的光子带隙特征，带隙位置与二氧化硅胶体微球直径有关。

关键词：聚苯乙烯微球；光子晶体；自组装；光子带隙；垂直沉积法

Abstract：Photonic crystal is one kind of periodic dielectric materials, with a series  of excellent optical properties such as photonic band gap and photonic localization, they have become the frontier of functional materials with wide application prospect.

　　　In this paper, I diluted monodisperse polystyrene microspheres agent, and then ultrasonically dispersed. The polystyrene microspheres were self-assembled into photonic crystals used the gravity deposition and the vertical deposition method. 

　　　Use the uniform diameter of polystyrene microspheres self-assembled into photonic crystal films through the vertical deposition method, and their microscopic structure and optical properties are characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and UV spectrophotometer. The results show that the microspheres are orderly arranged, and there are obvious point and line defects on its surface. Self-assembly photonic crystal films have significant features of photonic band gap, the gap’s position is relevant to microspheres in diamete.

Key words: polystyrene microspheres; photonic crystals; self-assembly; photonic band gap; vertical deposition method.