摘要：菲茨杰拉德长篇小说《夜色温柔》生动呈现了“爵士年代”高度繁荣的时代景象。小说的主角迪克·戴弗备受关注，因此长期以来，关于其性格和形象的讨论十分丰富。而本文选择分析一个前人甚少涉足的层面——迪克的自主行为。尽管此前的主流观点都认为迪克的“不幸”经历应归咎于外部因素，本文将通过分析主角的自主行为以证明迪克才是应直面“苦痛”经历的主体。实际上，迪克也能够勇于和不如人意的外部环境抗争。并且，因为迪克是“爵士年代”的典型青年，所以论文能够通过分析迪克的自主行为，探究当时年轻一代的迷惘心态及积极的应对举动。

本文以让-保罗·萨特的无神论存在主义作为理论支撑。其中的基本原理——“人的存在先于本质”、 “人享有自我塑造的权利”、 “他人即地狱”，以及“人应和荒诞世界抗争”与迪克的自主行为高度契合。因此，本文可以提高人们的自主以及责任意识，鼓励人们敢于打破束缚，寻找能够实现自我价值的理想生活状态。

关键词：菲茨杰拉德；《夜色温柔》；迪克·戴弗；让-保罗·萨特的无神论存在主义；自主行为

Contents

摘要

Abstract

Chapter One Introduction-1

1.1Research Background-1

1.1.1 A Brief Introduction to F. Scott Fitzgerald-1

1.1.2 A Brief Introduction to Tender Is the Night-1

1.2 Research Aim and Research Significance-1

1.3 Thesis Structure-2

Chapter Two Literature Review-4

2.1 Previous Studies of Tender Is the Night Abroad-4

2.2 Previous Studies of Tender Is the Night at Home-5

2.3 Summary-6

Chapter Three Theoretical Framework-7

3.1 The Definition, Origin and Development of Existentialism-7

3.2 Pertinent Viewpoints of Jean-Paul Sartre’s Atheistic Existentialism-8

3.2.1 Existence Precedes Essence-8

3.2.2 Freedom of Self-Molding-8

3.2.3 Hell Is Other People-9

3.2.4 Struggles Against Absurdity-9

3.3 Summary-10

Chapter Four Dick Diver’s Self-Directed Performances-11

4.1 Dick Diver’s Inchoate State of Existence-11

4.1.1 Dick Diver’s Inchoate Behavior in the Social Sphere-11

4.1.2 Dick Diver’s Consciousness of His Courteous Gestures-11

4.2 Dick Diver’s Routine Comportment for Steering “Undesirable” Surroundings-12

4.2.1 Dick Diver’s Subtle Dominance over An Idolater —Rosemary Hoyt-12

4.2.2 Dick Diver’s Apparent Dominance over A Rebellious Admirer — Nicole Warren-13

4.3 Dick Diver’s Self-Molding Performances-14

4.3.1 The Supernatant Shift and Substance of Dick Diver’s Professional Attitude-14

4.3.2 Dick Diver’s Evident Alterations in Interacting with Others-16

4.4 Dick Diver’s Persevere Struggles Against Absurdity-18

4.4.1 Dick Diver’s Abdication-18

4.4.2 Dick Diver’s Final Departure-19

4.5 Summary-20

Chapter Five Conclusion-21

5.1 Major Findings-21

5.2 Limitations-22

5.3 Suggestions for Future Research-22

References-23

Acknowledgements