译文（字数 3848）

工业企业最优融资

摘要

企业融资的机会取决于宏观经济和微观经济指标。企业生命周期对选择开发活动融资有显著影响。融资是许多企业的关键任务之一。这是一个允许企业生存或发展的过程。有效融资的目的是维持金融融资企业流动资产恒定运行。在大多数情况下，它以短期融资的形式实现，但有时也有一种中期融资的形式。企业的经营周期对企业内外部资金来源的需求是重要的。投资融资与长期资产收购有关。其目的是以分散投资的形式来满足企业的投资需求。国家预算以税费形式收回企业部分财务手段。现金流量类别在企业金融中期和长期构成中，尤其在财务分析中用于评价企业的金融稳定性和金钱来源的短期规划中的金融收入和支出的短期规划的原因预测，在评估投资变量的有效性和作为定义企业市场价值的方法之一。

关键词：融资，优化，工业企业；

1.引言

在开发活动中，企业实体不断地考虑如何为他们的需求融资。他们的首要任务是最大化增加其产出，从而确保他们在竞争中的地位。保持其在市场上的地位与所有领域的永久创新联系在一起，无论是生产、服务还是人力资源领域。

当前的经济危机和相关的经济衰退构成了严重的外部冲击，尤其是对斯洛伐克中小企业构成了威胁。过去几年的经济繁荣鼓励这些企业进行更高和更长的投资。在金融危机和经济危机的高峰期，企业融资相当困难。这是一个允许企业生存或发展的过程。在扩张时期获得资本并不容易，在经济衰退时期更为困难。融资问题是几乎所有企业所关注的领域之一。

外文原文（字符数 53102）

Optimal Financing of The Industrial Enterprise

Abstract 

The opportunities for the enterprise financing depend on macroeconomic and microeconomic indicators. The enterprise life cycle has significant influence on financing of chosen development activities. Financing is one of key tasks in many enterprises. It is a process allowing the enterprise to survive or to progress. The aim of operative financing is to finane the enterprise current assets in order to maintain its constant run. It is realised in a form of short-term financing in most of cases but sometimes it has a form of middle-term financing. Operative cycles are important for enterprise because it influences the need of internal and external financial sources. Investment financing is related to long-term assets' acquisition. Its aim is to fulfil the investment needs of enterprise in a form of spreading investments. State budget withdraws part of financial means of enterprises in a form of taxes and fees. The cash-flow category is used more frequently especially in financial analyses in evaluating the financial stability of enterprise and causes of changes of money sources in short-term planning of financial incomes and expenditures, in middle-term and long-term constitution of enterprise financial prognoses, in evaluating the investment variants effectiveness and as one of methods of defining the enterprise market value. 

Selection and/ peer-review under responsibility of Academic World Research and Education Center. 

Keywords: Financing, optimization, industrial enterprise; 

1.Introduction 

Within the development activities business entities constantly consider how to finance their needs. Their priority is always to maximise volume of their outputs, and thus ensure their position in relation to competition. Maintaining their positions in the market is connected with permanent innovations in all spheres, whether it is production, services or human resources area.