摘要：国内现有关于道歉语的研究中，使用Leech礼貌准则作为理论框架的相关研究较为稀缺；对外语之间道歉表达的对比研究也有待深入。此外，关于道歉策略的分类，绝大部分研究直接采用了Trosbog等人的成果，缺少相关的批评性讨论。

为此，本研究首先对Trosborg的道歉策略分类进行批评分析，将其七种道歉策略进行重新分类，以适用于本文对比研究。本文将日常会话中的英日道歉真实语料作为研究对象，以Leech的礼貌准则为框架，对语料中的道歉表达进行了语用研究，并分析了礼貌准则在其中的运用效果，从而得出了两种语言间道歉表达的异同点。研究还发现，日语中存在着滥用定型表达的倾向，这导致其失去了原有的语义，仅保留了道歉的功能；在道歉策略选取方面，部分道歉策略实际上违反了礼貌准则，使用不当时存在着交际失败的风险。此外，道歉表达的长度还与冒犯程度以及会话双方的亲密关系程度呈正相关。

关键词：道歉策略;礼貌准则;英日对比;道歉言语行为

Contents

摘要

Abstract

Chapter One  Introduction-1

1.1 Research Signification and Question-1

1.2 Structure of the Thesis-2

Chapter Two  Literature Review-3

2.1 Researches from the Angle of Research Methodology-3

2.2 Researches from the Angle of Theoretical Foundation-3

2.3 Researches from the Angle of Research Object-4

2.4 Summary-4

Chapter Three  Theoretical Foundation-6

3.1 Introduction to Leech's Maxims of Politeness-6

3.2 Development of Maxims of Politeness in China-7

3.3 Summary-8

Chapter Four  Research Methodology-10

4.1 Research Tool-10

4.1.1 Trosborg's Classification Standard of Apology Strategies-10

4.1.2 Apology Strategies Analyzed in this Thesis-11

4.1.3 Formulaic Expressions of Apology in Japanese-12

4.2 Linguistic Data-14

Chapter Five  Analysis and Discussion-15

5.1 Admitting Mistakes and Taking on Responsibility-15

5.2 Minimizing the Degree of Offense-16

5.3 Showing Concerns-17

5.4 Making Commitments or Offering Compensations-19

5.5 Asking for Forgiveness-20

5.6 Similarities and Differences between English and Japanese-21

Chapter Six  Conclusion-24

6.1 Findings of this Study-24

6.2 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research-25

Notes-26

References-27

Acknowledgements-29