中文摘要：翻译是通过一种语言把源语言所想要表达的表层含义和深层内容准确并且完整地重组并表达出来的语言转化活动。在翻译实践中，译者若想要使其译文的表述既忠实于原文，同时又符目标语言的语言使用规范，则应避免机械性的逐字逐句的硬译，通过细致且深刻的研究，对比译入语和译出语之间在不同语言环境下的具体差异，从而根据具体情况将原文中属于某种词类的词在译文中转化为其他词类，使得译文在语言的表述更加贴合阅读群体的语言习惯，这就是翻译中常说的转化法。在通常情况下，翻译实践中的转化法主要涉及单词词性，句子成分，句型及语态等四个方面。就概念而言，转化法并不晦涩难懂，但仍要求译者精通译入语和译出语的语法，用词习惯和语言文化等背景知识。因此，为了尽量削缓语言的差异，在翻译实践的过程中会应用许多翻译技巧，用以还原原作者的本意。作为常见的翻译技巧之一——转化法将作为本篇论文的主题。本文旨在论证转化法在英汉翻译中的重要作用，并深入阐述其分类及其对翻译的重要影响。

关键词：英汉翻译；转化法；翻译技巧；译入语

Contents

Abstract

中文摘要

I Introduction-1

II An Overview of Conversion in Translation-2

2.1 Definition of Conversion-2

2.2 Definition of Translation-2

2.3 Relationship between Conversion and Translation-3

2.4 The Reasons for Conversion of Part of Speech and Their Adjustment-4

III Analysis of Difficulties of Part of Speech in Translation-5

3.1 Difficulties Caused by the Different Ways of Thinking-5

3.2 Analysis of Differences in the Usage of Language-5

3.3 Analysis of Differences in Daily Life-5

IV Different Methods of Conversion in Translation-7

4.1 Conversion of Parts of Speech in Translation-7

4.1.1 Conversion into Verbs-7

4.1.2 Conversion into Nouns-8

4.1.3 Conversion into Adjectives-8

4.1.4 Conversion into Adverbs-9

4.2 Conversion of Voices in Translation-10

4.2.1 Converting the English Passive Voices into Chinese Active Voices-10

4.3Conversion of Approving Words and Derogatory Words-11

4.3.1 Converting English Positive Meaning into Chinese Derogatory Meaning-11

4.3.2 Converting English Derogatory Meaning into Chinese Positive Meaning-12

4.3.3 Converting English Derogatory Meaning into Chinese Neutral Meaning-12

4.4 Conversion of Affirmation and Negation in Translation-12

4.4.1 Converting English Affirmation into Chinese Negation-12

4.4.2 Converting English Negation into Chinese Affirmation-13

4.5 Conversion of Abstraction and Concretion-13

4.5.1 The Translation of Chinese Idioms-13

4.5.2 Converting English Abstraction into Chinese Concretion-14

4.6 Conversion of Sentences-14

Conclusion-16

References-18

Acknowledgements-19