摘要：约瑟夫·海勒的代表作《第二十二条军规》开创了美国后现代主义文学的黑色幽默流派。"黑色幽默"脱胎于第二次世界大战，国内外学者的研究重点是其独特的叙事风格和写作手法，但鲜少涉及该流派对当代美国社会的影响和启示。本文旨在从情节、人物塑造和叙事语言三个维度解读《第二十二条军规》的黑色幽默叙事策略，由此揭示其中蕴涵的种族主义和麦卡锡主义思潮及其在当代美国社会的回响，呼吁全人类共同珍惜来之不易的和平与发展机遇。

关键词：美国后现代主义小说；约瑟夫·海勒；《第二十二条军规》；黑色幽默；叙事策略

Contents

摘要

Abstract

Chapter One Introduction-1

1.1 Joseph Heller and Catch-22-1

1.2 Critical Survey of the Topic and Discussion-1

1.3 The Argument and Organization of the Thesis-4

Chapter Two Black Humor as the Narrative Strategy in Catch-22-6

2.1 The Origin and Development of Black Humor-6

2.2 The Artistic Characteristics of Black Humor-6

2.3 The Significance and Influence of Black Humor-8

Chapter Three The Elements of Black Humor in Catch-22-10

3.1 Black Humor in the Plot-10

3.1.1 The Death of Doctor Daneeka-10

3.1.2 A "Dressing" Change for the "White Soldier"-11

3.2 Black Humor in Characterization-11

3.2.1 Yossarian as An "Anti-hero"-12

3.2.2 Milo as the Embodiment of Capital-13

3.3 Black Humor in the Narrative Language-14

3.3.1 Paradox-14

3.3.2 Ambiguity-15

Chapter Four Black Humor Representation of the Major Social Problems in Catch-22-18

4.1 The Social Problems of the United States in the 1960s-18

4.1.1 McCarthyism-18

4.1.2 Racial discrimination-19

4.2 The New Thinking on the Contemporary American Society-20

Chapter Five Conclusion-22

References-23

Acknowledgements